Silicon nitride ceramic is an inorganic material ceramic that does not shrink when sintered and has properties such as high strength, low density and high temperature resistance. It is a covalently bonded compound, the basic structural unit is [ SiN4 ] tetrahedron, the silicon atom is located in the center of the tetrahedron, around which there are four nitrogen atoms, which are located in the four vertices of the tetrahedron, and then in the form of every three tetrahedrons share one atom, forming a continuous and strong network structure in three-dimensional space.
Silicon nitride ceramics can be produced by the direct reaction of monolithic silicon with nitrogen or ammonia, and the earliest silicon nitride ceramics were produced by the nitridation reaction of Si powder blanks in 1955.
With the discovery of excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility of silicon nitride ceramics, as well as the further development of powder preparation technology, sintering equipment, technology, silicon nitride ceramics are gradually being used in machining, automotive, aerospace, electronic circuits, wearable and other fields.